Cotton and Williams' Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

List of Video Clips viii Preface to the Eighth Edition x Preface to the First Edition xi Acknowledgments xii About the Companion Website xiii 1 Welcome to Endoscopy 1 Resources and links 4 2 The Endoscopy Unit Staff and Management 6 Endoscopy units 6 Staff 9 Management behavior and teamwork 10 Documentation and quality improvement 10 Educational resources 11 Further reading 11 3 Endoscopic Equipment 13 Endoscopes 13 Endoscopic accessories 18 Ancillary equipment 19 Electrosurgical units 20 Lasers and argon plasma coagulation 20 Equipment maintenance 21 Infection control 22 Cleaning and disinfection 22 Further reading 26 4 Patient Care Risks and Safety 27 Patient assessment 27 Patient education and consent 32 Physical preparation 37 Sedation/anesthesia 37 Recovery and discharge 40 Managing adverse events 40 Further reading 41 5 Upper Endoscopy: The Fundamentals 43 Patient position 43 Endoscopist position 44 Endoscope Handling 44 Passing the endoscope 45 Routine diagnostic survey 48 Stomach 50 Problems during endoscopy 56 Recognition of lesions 57 Specimen collection 62 Diagnostic endoscopy under special circumstances 65 Further reading 67 6 Therapeutic Upper Endoscopy 69 Benign esophageal strictures 69 Achalasia 73 Esophageal cancer palliation 74 Gastric and duodenal stenoses 77 Gastric and duodenal polyps and tumors 78 Foreign bodies 78 Acute bleeding 82 Enteral nutrition 90 Further reading 94 7 Colonoscopy and Flexible Sigmoidoscopy 97 History 97 Indications and limitations and alternatives 97 Informed consent 101 Contraindications and infective hazards 102 Patient preparation 103 Medication 110 Equipment--present and future 114 Anatomy 119 Insertion 125 Handling "single-handed" "two-handed" or two-person? 127 Sigmoid colon--accurate steering 131 Endoscopic anatomy of the sigmoid and descending colon 134 Sigmoid colon--the bends 137 Sigmoid colon--the loops 137 Diverticular disease 145 Descending colon 147 Splenic flexure 148 Transverse colon 152 Hepatic flexure 156

Catharine M. Walsh, MD, MEd, PhD, FRCPC is an Associate Professor of Paediatrics at The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Ahmir Ahmad, MBBS, BSc, MRCP, PhD is a Consultant Gastroenterologist at St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK.

Brian P. Saunders, MD, FRCP, FRCS is a Consultant Gastroenterologist at St. Mark's Hospital and Professor of Endoscopy at Imperial College, London, UK.

Jonathan Cohen, MD, FASGE, FACG is a Clinical Professor of Medicine at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.

Peter B. Cotton, MD, FRCP, FRCS is a Professor of Medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.

Christopher B. Williams, BM, FRCP, FRCS was a Consultant Physician in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy at St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK.