Designing and Conducting a Forest Inventory - case: 9th National Forest Inventory of Finland

Increment of a sample tree.- 3.3.2 Increment of survivor trees.- 3.3.3 Increment of drain.- 3.3.4 Total increment.- 3.4 Estimation of the volume of dead wood.- 3.5 Assessment of sampling error.- 3.5.1 Sampling error of ratio estimators.- 3.5.2 Sampling error of total volumes and aggregates.- 3.6 Thematic maps.- 4. Results.- 4.1 The areas of land use classes and their development.- 4.1.1 Forestry land.- 4.1.2 Forest land.- 4.1.3 Land classes based on FAO definitions.- 4.1.4 Land use changes based on the observations on the plot.- 4.1.5 Ownership information.- 4.2 Restrictions on forestry and area available for wood production.- 4.3 Soil classification and the areas of site fertility classes on mineral soils.- 4.4 Peatlands and their site classes.- 4.4.1 Peatland area and its changes.- 4.4.2 Land classes of peatlands.- 4.4.3 Drainage situation of peatlands.- 4.4.4 Principal site classes and site fertility classes on peatland soils.- 4.4.5 The thickness of the peat layer.- 4.5 Tree species dominance and composition.- 4.5.1 The dominant tree species.- 4.5.2. Tree species dominance by site fertility classes.- 4.5.3 Tree species mixtures.- 4.6 Age and development classes.- 4.6.1 The age distributions of stands and their changes.- 4.6.2 The development classes of stands and their changes.- 4.7 Growing stock.- 4.7.1 Mean volume estimates by tree species.- 4.7.2 Total growing stock estimates.- 4.7.3 Volume estimates of saw-timber.- 4.8. Volume increment.- 4.8.1. Increment estimates.- 4.8.2. Uncertainties in increment estimates and comparisons with estimates from earlier inventories.- 4.8.2.1 Sampling error.- 4.8.2.2 Changes in definitions, measurements, and estimation methods.- 4.8.2.3 Annual variation in increment.- 4.8.3. Forest balance.- 4.8.4. Changes in annual volume increment estimates since the 1950s.- 4.8.4.1 Changes in annual volume increment by age classes on mineral soils.- 4.8.4.2 Changes in annual volume increment estimates on peatland soil forests since the 1950s and the effect of peatland forestry on the increment.- 4.9 Protected areas.- 4.10 Forest damage.- 4.11 Silvicultural quality of forests.- 4.11.1 Silvicultural quality.- 4.11.2 Methods and success of regeneration.- 4.12 Management activities.- 4.12.1 Accomplished and proposed cuttings.- 4.12.2 Accomplished and proposed silvicultural measures.- 4.12.3 Drainage operations.- 4.13 Biodiversity indicators.- 4.13.1 Biodiversity measurements in NFI.- 4.13.2 Key habitats.- 4.13.3 Dead wood.- 4.13.3.1 The volume and quality of dead wood.- 4.13.3.2 Dead wood in forests not available for wood production.- 4.13.3.3 The volume of usable dead wood.- 4.13.4 Keystone tree species.- 4.13.5 Retention trees.- 5. Discussion.- 5.1 The development of volume and increment:, new estimates from NFI9.- 5.2 Estimation and error estimation.- 5.3 Comparisons of the NFI8 and NFI9 designs.- 5.4 Some experiences of the new measurements.- 5.5 Experiences with the new measurement devices.- 5.6 Changes in the design for NFI10.- Appendix.- References.- Subject Index.