Educational Principles and Practice in Veterinary Medicine

Hofmeister, Lisa M. Greenhill, Sraavya M. Polisetti, Kendall P. Young, Shelly Wu, Gabriel Huddleston, Ryane E. Englar , Micha C. Simons, and Stephanie Thomovsky Section 1: Classroom Learning 169 Section 2: Laboratory and Clinical Skills Instruction 175 Section 3: Teaching Personal Finances 179 Section 4: Including Cultural Humility, Cultural Competency, and Cultural Fluency in the Veterinary Medical Curriculum 181 Section 5: Teaching Empathy and Ethics 187 Section 6: Teaching and Practicing Foundational Communication Skills 189 Section 7: Teaching on the Clinical Floor - Veterinary Students and House Officers 200 7 Technology in the Classroom 223 Shane M. Ryan, Sarah A. Bell, Micha C. Simons, and Sarah Baillie Section 1: Introduction 223 Section 2: Presenting Information and Interactions with Content 224 Section 3: Online and Blended Learning 227 Section 4: Instructional Systems Design for Digital Learning 232 Section 5: Veterinary Student Success in Technology-Enhanced Learning 236 Section 6: Safety and Security Considerations 239 Section 7: Present and Future Technologies to Enhance Learning 243 Section 8: Common Forms of Educational Technologies 243 Section 9: Review of Examples of Technologies Used in Veterinary Education 244 8 The Syllabus 251 Katherine Fogelberg Section 1: Introduction 251 Section 2: Syllabus Purposes 251 Section 3: Creating an Effective Syllabus 256 Section 4: The Syllabus as a Tool to Document Scholarship in Teaching and Learning 259 9 Assignments and Rubrics 263 Jo R. Smith Section 1: Assignments 263 Section 2: Rubrics 265 10 Assessing Student Learning: Exams, Quizzes, and Remediation 287 Kimberly S. Cook, Katherine Fogelberg, Patricia Butterbrodt, Katrina Jolley, Malathi Raghavan, and Jo R. Smith Section 1: Formative Versus Summative Assessments and the Role of Evaluations 287 Section 2: Writing Good Exam Questions 292 Section 3: Exams and Quizzes: Determining Validity and Reliability 300 Section 4: Remediation 304 11 Assessing Clinical Skills 313 Stephanie L. Shaver Section 1: Introduction 313 Section 2: Performance Assessment 313 Section 3: Workplace-Based Assessment 318 Section 4: Essential Concepts in Clinical Skills Assessment 321 12 Different Approaches to Assessment 329 Erik H. Hofmeister Section 1: Introduction and Approaches 329 Part 12: Audio and Video Options 340 Section 2: Implementing New Assignments 340 Section 3: Novel Grading Schemes 341 Section 4: Implementing Novel Grading Schemes 343 13 Program Outcomes 349 Patricia Butterbrodt and Katrina Jolley Introduction 349 Section 1: Curriculum Mapping 349 Section 2: Accountability in Assessment Outcomes 358 Section 3: Ensuring Students Meet Benchmarks for Student Learning 359 Section 4: Tracking Student Outcomes 361 14 Mentoring Students 367 Micha C. Simons, Stephanie Thomovsky, Julie A. Hunt, and Katrina Jolley Section 1: Veterinary Student Mentorship 367 Section 2: Mentoring Students in Educational Research 370 Section 3: Cheating and Other Unethical Student Behavior 373 15 Educational Development 383 Jesse Watson and Sherry A. Clouser Section 1: Introduction 383 Section 2: Educator Development 386 Section 3: Building an Educator Development Program 389 Section 4: Recommendations for Success 394 16 Documenting Teaching for Career Advancement 399 Misty R. Bailey and Susan M. Matthew Section 1: Introduction 399 Section 2: Teaching 401 Section 3: Mentoring and Advising 406 Section 4: Learner Assessment or Outcome Assessment 406 Section 5: Educational Research and Scholarship 407 Section 6: Curriculum and Program Development 409 Section 7: Educational Leadership and Administration 410 Section 8: Institutional and Administrative Support for Teaching for Career Advancement: A Case Study 410 Section 9: Summary 411 17 Educational Research 415 Jill R. D. MacKay and Shelly Wu Section 1: Introduction to Educational Research 415 Section 2: Designing the Educational Research Study 420 Section 3: Collecting Data 433 Section 4: Analyzing Data 440 Section 5: The Ethics of Educational Research 443 Section 6: Reporting the Educational Study 448 18 Building Bridges Between Research and Practice 459 Julie A. Hunt Section 1: Introduction 459 Section 2: Educational Theory's Impact on Veterinary Educational Research 460 Section 3: How Educational Research Can Increase its Impact on Educational Practice 461 Section 4: Educational Research Challenges 463 Section 5: Barriers to Changing Educational Methods 464 Section 6: How Educational Research Has Changed Veterinary Education Practices 465 19 History and Purpose of Higher Education 471 Donald B. Mills and Kimberly S. Cook Section 1: Introduction 471 Section 2: Brief History of Higher Education in the United States 471 Section 3: Specialized Institutions 475 Section 4: Students 476 Section 5: Purpose 477 20 Private and Public Institutions 479 Kimberly S. Cook and Donald B. Mills Section 1: Introduction 479 Section 2: Public Institutions 479 Section 3: Private Institutions 484 Part 4: Governance and Operations Structure 486 Section 4: Contemporary Issues 486 21 Higher Education Policies 491 Patricia Butterbrodt Section 1: Introduction 491 Section 2: University Policy Areas 493 Section 3: Faculty Responsibility to Policy 495 Section 4: Summary 498 22 Leadership in Higher Education 501 Erik H. Hofmeister Section 1: Introduction 501 Section 2: Principles of Leadership 502 Section 3: Leadership Education 504 23 Accreditation: What It Is and Why It Is Important 513 Myrah Stockdale, Malathi Raghavan, and Stacy L. Anderson Section 1: Overview 513 Section 2: Abbreviated History of Accreditation in the United States 515 Section 3: History of Accreditation in Veterinary Education 516 Section 4: Accrediting Bodies 517 Section 5: International Accreditation 519 Section 6: Accreditation of Veterinary Education Worldwide 521 Section 7: The Process of Accreditation 524 Section 8: Additional Considerations 537 24 Leaving Thoughts and the Future of Veterinary Education 545 Katherine Fogelberg Section 1: Introduction 545 Section 2: The Power of Veterinary Medical Education 546 Section 3: Moving Veterinary Education Forward 551 Section 4: Conclusion and Leaving Thoughts 558 References 558 Index 559