Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and its Applications
With online files/update. Book w. online files/update
(Sprache: Englisch)
This text for graduate students and researchers provides a fully up-to-date, inclusive overview of the powerful, and often misused, technique of EIS. With detailed graphics, examples, and practice problems, it shows how to apply EIS in the most effective way.
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This text for graduate students and researchers provides a fully up-to-date, inclusive overview of the powerful, and often misused, technique of EIS. With detailed graphics, examples, and practice problems, it shows how to apply EIS in the most effective way.
Klappentext zu „Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and its Applications “
This book presents a complete overview of the powerful but often misused technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The book presents a systematic and complete overview of EIS. The book carefully describes EIS and its application in studies of electrocatalytic reactions and other electrochemical processes of practical interest. This book is directed towards graduate students and researchers in Electrochemistry. Concepts are illustrated through detailed graphics and numerous examples. The book also includes practice problems. Additional materials and solutions are available online.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and its Applications “
1 Introduction1.1 Why impedance?
1.2 Short history of impedance
1.3 Publications on impedance
2 Definition of the impedance and impedance of electrical circuits
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrical circuits containing resistances
2.2.1 Ohm's law
2.2.2 Kirchhoff's laws
2.3 Capacitance
2.4 Inductance
2.5 Laplace transform
2.6 Complex numbers
2.7 Fourier transform
2.7.1 Leakage
2.7.2 Aliasing
2.8 Impedance of electrical circuits
2.8.1 Application of the Laplace transform to the determination of impedances
2.8.2 Definition of the operational impedance
2.8.3 Application of the Fourier transform to the determination of impedances
2.8.4 Definition of the impedance
2.9 Circuit description code
2.10 Impedance plots
2.10.1 Interpretation of the Bode magnitude plots
2.10.2 Circuits with two semicircles
2.10.3 Circuits containing inductances
2.11 Summary
2.12 Exercises
3 Determination of impedances
3.1 Ac bridges
3.2 Lissajous curves
3.3 Phase sensitive detection (PSD), lock-in amplifiers
3.4 Frequency response analyzers (FRA)
3.5 Ac voltammetry
3.6 Laplace transform
3.7 Methods based on Fourier transform
3.7.1 Pulse or step excitation
3.7.2 Noise perturbation
3.7.3 The sum of sine waves excitation signal
3.7.4 Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS)
3.8 Perturbation signal
3.9 Conclusions
3.10 Exercises
4 Impedance of the faradaic reactions in the presence of mass transfer
4.1 Impedance of an ideally polarizable electrode
4.2 Impedance in the presence of redox process in semi-infinite linear diffusion. Determination of parameters
4.2.1 General case
4.2.2 Dc reversible case
4.3 Analysis of impedance in the case of semi-infinite diffusion
4.3.1 Randles analysis
4.3.2 De Levie-Husovsky analysis
4.3.3 Analysis of cot ?
4.3.4 CNLS analysis
4.4 Finite length linear diffusion
4.4.1 Transmissive boundary
4.4.2
... mehr
Reflective boundary
4.5 Generalized Warburg element
4.6 Spherical diffusion
4.6.1 Semi-infinite external spherical diffusion
4.6.2 Finite length internal spherical diffusion
4.7 Cylindrical diffusion
4.8 Diffusion to disk electrode
4.9 Rotating disk electrode
4.10 Homogeneous reaction, Gerischer impedanc
4.11 Conclusions
4.12 Exercises
5 Impedance of the faradaic reactions in the presence of adsorption
5.1 Faradaic reaction involving one adsorbed species, no desorption
5.2 Faradaic reaction involving one adsorbed species with subsequent desorption
5.2.1 Determination of the impedance
5.2.2 Impedance plots
5.2.3 Distinguishability of the kinetic parameters of the Volmer-Heyrovsky reaction
5.3 Faradaic reaction involving two adsorbed species
5.4 Exercises
6 General method of obtaining impedance of complex reactions
7 Electrocatalytic reactions involving hydrogen
7.1 Hydrogen underpotential deposition reaction
7.2 Hydrogen evolution reaction
7.3 Influence of the hydrogen mass transfer on the HER
7.4 Hydrogen absorption into metals
7.4.1 Hydrogen adsorption-absorption reaction in the presence of hydrogen evolution
7.4.2 Direct hydrogen absorption and hydrogen evolution
7.4.3 Hydrogen absorption in the absence of hydrogen evolution
7.4.4 Hydrogen absorption in spherical particles
7.5 Conclusions
8 Dispersion of impedances at solid electrodes
8.1 Constant phase elements
8.2 Fractal model
8.3 Origin of the CPE dispersion
8.3.1 Dispersion of time constants
8.3.2 Dispersion due to surface adsorption/diffusion processes
8.4 Determination of the time constant distribution function
8.4.1 Regularization methods
8.4.2 Least-squares deconvolution methods
8.4.3 Differential impedance analysis
8.4.4 Summary
8.5 Conclusion
9 Impedance of porous electrodes
9.1 Impedance of the ideally polarizable porous electrodes
9.1.1 Cylindrical pore with the ohmic drop in the solution only (idc=0, re=0, rs?0,)
9.1.2 Other pore geometry with the ohmic drop in the solution only
9.1.4 Porous electrode with the ohmic drop in the solution and in the electrode material
9.2 Porous electrodes in the presence of redox species in solution
9.2.1 Ohmic drop in the solution only in the absence of dc current ( , , ) 264
9.2.2 Ohmic drop in the solution and electrode material in the absence of dc current
9.2.3 Porous electrodes in the presence of dc current, potential gradient in pores and no concentration gradient, ideally conductive electrodes
9.2.4 Porous electrodes in the presence of dc current, concentration gradient in pores and no potential gradient, ideally conductive electrode
9.2.5 General case: potential and concentration gradient
9.3 Distribution of pores
9.4 Continuous porous model
9.5 Conclusions
9.6 Exercises
10 Semiconductors and Mott-Schottky plots
10.1 Semiconductors in solution
10.2 Determination of the flatband potential
11 Coatings and paints
11.1 Electrical equivalent models
11.2 Water absorption in organic coating
11.3 Analysis of impedances of organic coatings
11.4 Conclusions
12 Self-assembled monolayers, biological membranes, and biosensors
12.1 Self-assembled monolayers
12.2 Lipid bilayers
12.3 Biosensors
12.4 Conclusions
13 Conditions for obtaining good impedances
13.1 Kramers-Kronig relations
13.1.1 Polynomial approximation
13.1.2 Checking Kramers-Kronig compliance by approximations
13.2 Linearity
13.3 Stability
13.3.1 Drift
13.3.2 Dealing with non-stationary impedances
13.3.3 Stability of electrochemical systems
13.3.4 Nyquist criterion of stability
13.3.5 Negative dynamic resistances and their origin
13.4 Z-HIT transform
13.5 Summary
13.6 Exercises
14 Modeling of experimental data
14.1 Acquisition of "good" data
14.2 Types of modeling
14.4 Classification of errors
14.5 Methods of finding the best parameters
14.6 Weighting procedures
14.6.1 Statistical weighting
14.6.2 Unit weighting
14.6.3 Modulus weighting
14.6.4 Proportional weighting
14.6.5 Weighting from the measurement model
14.7 Statistical tests
14.7.1 Chi-square
14.7.2 Test F
14.7.3 t- test for the importance of the parameters of regression
14.8 Conclusion
14.9 Exercises
15 Nonlinear impedances (higher harmonics)
15.1 Simple electron transfer reaction without mass transfer effects
15.2 Other reaction mechanism
15.3 Conclusions
16 Instrumental limitations
16.1 Measurements of high impedances
16.2 Measurements at high frequencies
16.3 Measurements of low impedances
16.4 Reference electrode
16.5 Conclusions
17 Conclusions
18 Index
19 Appendix. Laplace transforms
20 References
4.5 Generalized Warburg element
4.6 Spherical diffusion
4.6.1 Semi-infinite external spherical diffusion
4.6.2 Finite length internal spherical diffusion
4.7 Cylindrical diffusion
4.8 Diffusion to disk electrode
4.9 Rotating disk electrode
4.10 Homogeneous reaction, Gerischer impedanc
4.11 Conclusions
4.12 Exercises
5 Impedance of the faradaic reactions in the presence of adsorption
5.1 Faradaic reaction involving one adsorbed species, no desorption
5.2 Faradaic reaction involving one adsorbed species with subsequent desorption
5.2.1 Determination of the impedance
5.2.2 Impedance plots
5.2.3 Distinguishability of the kinetic parameters of the Volmer-Heyrovsky reaction
5.3 Faradaic reaction involving two adsorbed species
5.4 Exercises
6 General method of obtaining impedance of complex reactions
7 Electrocatalytic reactions involving hydrogen
7.1 Hydrogen underpotential deposition reaction
7.2 Hydrogen evolution reaction
7.3 Influence of the hydrogen mass transfer on the HER
7.4 Hydrogen absorption into metals
7.4.1 Hydrogen adsorption-absorption reaction in the presence of hydrogen evolution
7.4.2 Direct hydrogen absorption and hydrogen evolution
7.4.3 Hydrogen absorption in the absence of hydrogen evolution
7.4.4 Hydrogen absorption in spherical particles
7.5 Conclusions
8 Dispersion of impedances at solid electrodes
8.1 Constant phase elements
8.2 Fractal model
8.3 Origin of the CPE dispersion
8.3.1 Dispersion of time constants
8.3.2 Dispersion due to surface adsorption/diffusion processes
8.4 Determination of the time constant distribution function
8.4.1 Regularization methods
8.4.2 Least-squares deconvolution methods
8.4.3 Differential impedance analysis
8.4.4 Summary
8.5 Conclusion
9 Impedance of porous electrodes
9.1 Impedance of the ideally polarizable porous electrodes
9.1.1 Cylindrical pore with the ohmic drop in the solution only (idc=0, re=0, rs?0,)
9.1.2 Other pore geometry with the ohmic drop in the solution only
9.1.4 Porous electrode with the ohmic drop in the solution and in the electrode material
9.2 Porous electrodes in the presence of redox species in solution
9.2.1 Ohmic drop in the solution only in the absence of dc current ( , , ) 264
9.2.2 Ohmic drop in the solution and electrode material in the absence of dc current
9.2.3 Porous electrodes in the presence of dc current, potential gradient in pores and no concentration gradient, ideally conductive electrodes
9.2.4 Porous electrodes in the presence of dc current, concentration gradient in pores and no potential gradient, ideally conductive electrode
9.2.5 General case: potential and concentration gradient
9.3 Distribution of pores
9.4 Continuous porous model
9.5 Conclusions
9.6 Exercises
10 Semiconductors and Mott-Schottky plots
10.1 Semiconductors in solution
10.2 Determination of the flatband potential
11 Coatings and paints
11.1 Electrical equivalent models
11.2 Water absorption in organic coating
11.3 Analysis of impedances of organic coatings
11.4 Conclusions
12 Self-assembled monolayers, biological membranes, and biosensors
12.1 Self-assembled monolayers
12.2 Lipid bilayers
12.3 Biosensors
12.4 Conclusions
13 Conditions for obtaining good impedances
13.1 Kramers-Kronig relations
13.1.1 Polynomial approximation
13.1.2 Checking Kramers-Kronig compliance by approximations
13.2 Linearity
13.3 Stability
13.3.1 Drift
13.3.2 Dealing with non-stationary impedances
13.3.3 Stability of electrochemical systems
13.3.4 Nyquist criterion of stability
13.3.5 Negative dynamic resistances and their origin
13.4 Z-HIT transform
13.5 Summary
13.6 Exercises
14 Modeling of experimental data
14.1 Acquisition of "good" data
14.2 Types of modeling
14.4 Classification of errors
14.5 Methods of finding the best parameters
14.6 Weighting procedures
14.6.1 Statistical weighting
14.6.2 Unit weighting
14.6.3 Modulus weighting
14.6.4 Proportional weighting
14.6.5 Weighting from the measurement model
14.7 Statistical tests
14.7.1 Chi-square
14.7.2 Test F
14.7.3 t- test for the importance of the parameters of regression
14.8 Conclusion
14.9 Exercises
15 Nonlinear impedances (higher harmonics)
15.1 Simple electron transfer reaction without mass transfer effects
15.2 Other reaction mechanism
15.3 Conclusions
16 Instrumental limitations
16.1 Measurements of high impedances
16.2 Measurements at high frequencies
16.3 Measurements of low impedances
16.4 Reference electrode
16.5 Conclusions
17 Conclusions
18 Index
19 Appendix. Laplace transforms
20 References
... weniger
Autoren-Porträt von Andrzej Lasia
Andrzej Lasia obtained his PhD at the University of Warsaw in 1975. He continued to work at the University of Warsaw until 1982. In 1975-1976, and 1982-1983, he worked as a research associate at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Since 1983, Lasia has worked at the Université de Sherbrooke. Since his retirement in 2012, Lasia has continued to work at Université de Sherbrooke as an Associate Professor. Lasia's main scientific interests are in the area of electrode kinetics, electrocatalysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. He is the author of over 150 articles in scientific journals.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Andrzej Lasia
- 2014, XIII, 367 Seiten, 48 farbige Abbildungen, Maße: 16 x 24,1 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: Springer, Berlin
- ISBN-10: 1461489326
- ISBN-13: 9781461489320
- Erscheinungsdatum: 07.07.2014
Sprache:
Englisch
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