Forest Mensuration

Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Statistical Prerequisites. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Scales and units of measurement. 2.3 Graphical presentation of data. 2.4 Descriptive statistics. 2.5 Probability distributions. 2.6 Estimation. 2.7 Regression and correlation analysis. 2.8 Moving average. 2.9 Smoothening by fitting equations. 2.10 Freehand fitting. 3. Instruments. 3.1 Diameter measuring instruments. 3.2 Relascopes and prisms. 3.3 Tree height. 3.4 Blume-Leiss range-traces drum. 3.5 Tree crown and foliage. 3.6 Short-term radial growth responses. 3.7 Increment cores. 3.8 Bark thickness. 3.9 Recent developments in instrumentation. 4. Single Tree Measurements. 4.1 Measurements on standing trees. 4.2 Volume, log classes and weight of felled trees. 5. Measurement of Stands. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Age. 5.3 Mean diameter. 5.4 Diameter distributions. 5.5 Stand tables. 5.6 Stand height. 5.7 Stand volume. 5.8 Spatial distribution of trees. 5.9 Stand density. 6. Taper Tables and Functions. 6.1 Taper tables. 6.2 Stem profile models. 7. Tree Volume Tables and Equations. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Volume equations with one predictor variable. 7.3 Equations with two predictor variables. 7.4 Equations with more than two predictor variables. 7.5 Merchantable volume. 8. Tree and Stand Biomass. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Biomass components. 8.3 Tree level regression models. 8.4 Additivity of biomass components. 8.5 Dummy-variables for tree species. 8.6 Ratio estimators and cluster sampling. 9. Growth and Yield. 9.1 Definitions. 9.2 The growth of single trees. 9.3 Site class and site index. 9.4 The growth of stands. 10. Sampling for Forest Inventories. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Plot sampling. 10.3 Point sampling. 10.4 Simple random sampling. 10.5 Error propagation. 10.6 Stratified random sampling. 10.7 Regression and ratio estimators. 10.8 Double sampling (Two-phase sampling). 10.9 Cluster sampling. 10.10 Multistage sampling. 10.11 Strip sampling. 10.12 Sampling with unequal selection probabilities. 10.13

ANTHONIE VAN LAAR was born in the Netherlands in 1923 and studied forest science at the University and Research Centre Wageningen between 1941 and 1949. In 1958 he emigrated to South Africa and obtained the D.Sc.degree in Forest Science at the University of Stellenbosch (1961) and thereafter Dr.oec.pub (1973) and Dr.hab. (1979) at the University of Münich. The theses dealt with forest biometry and growth modeling. Since his retirement in 1988 the author continued his involvement in these subjects, more particularly in growth models for Eucalyptus grandis.