Foundations for a Scientific Analysis of Value

I. Introduction.- 1. The Present State of Value Theory.- 2. Absolutism and Empiricism with Respect to Value.- 3. Determination of Concepts.- II. Value Concepts.- 1. Logical Analysis: Material Content and Value Characteristic.- 2. The System of Values.- 3. The Hierarchy of Values.- III. Value as a Characteristic: A Psychological Analysis.- 1. Psychology of Value up to the Present.- 2. Evaluating and Adopting an Attitude.- 3. Development of the Characteristic of Value.- 4. Value as a Specific Characterization with Respect to Adopting an Attitude.- 5. Value Concepts, Value Judgements, and Valuation.- 6. The Sources of Distinction.- (a) Pleasure and Pain.- (?) Pleasure and Pain Attaching to Sense Qualities.- (?) Pleasure and Pain Attaching to Forms (Gestalten).- (?) Pleasure and Pain in Bodily and Mental Functioning.- (b) Feelings.- (?) Feelings and Distinction.- (?) Feelings and Pleasure-Pain.- (?) Feelings and Excitement-Quiescence.- (?) Feelings in Literary Enjoyment.- (?) Refutation of Hedonism.- (c) Satisfaction of Instinctive Drives.- (d) Satisfaction of Desires.- (e) Habit.- (f) Derivative Distinction.- (?) Materially Derivative Distinction.- (?) Logically Derivative Distinction.- (g) Adopted Distinction.- (?) Suggestion.- (?) Imitation.- (h) Exhaustiveness of the Sources of Distinction.- IV. Value Judgements.- 1. The Meaning of Impersonal Value Judgements.- (a) Value Judgements as Propositions about Actual Determination of Attitudes.- (b) Value Judgements as General Guidelines for Attitudes.- 2. The Validity of Impersonal Value Judgements: Super-Individual Value.- (a) Validity Based upon Natural Laws.- (b) Validity Based upon Logical Inference.- (c) Validity of Principles of Evaluation.- (?) A Social Basis for Super-Individual Valuations.- (?) Conditional Establishment of Principles of Evaluation.- V. The Science of Value.- Postscript (1973).- Bibliography of the Writings of Victor Kraft.- Index of Names.