Hellenistische Wanddekorationen

Wall-paintings have attracted considerable attention in research since the 19th century, especially after August Mau divided the great stock of paintings from the Vesuvian cities into four styles. The First Style, which is characterized above all by ashlar masonry being rendered in relief on plaster, was well established in the entire Mediterranean region from the late 5th century B.C. onward. This study for the first time systematically compiles and analyzes specimens from over 100 sites in the western Mediterranean. On this basis it is shown that the First Style appeared in the western Mediterranean simultaneously with the earliest known decorations in the east in the late 5th century B.C. Beyond that, pronounced regional and local differences in the application of the decoration system can be systematically established and specific local phenomena identified. The differentiation and enrichment of the First Style with decorative elements inspired by monumental architecture, a process that intensifies in the 3rd century BC, can accordingly be associated with phenomena of social and cultural history. The study further shows the importance of the decoration system for the social elites, who made conscious use of it in their houses to display their status.