Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis

Improving Quality in Noninvasive Testing by Certification and Accreditation.-Qualifications of the Physician in the Vascular Diagnostic Laboratory.-Principles and Instruments of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Doppler Ultrasound.-Overview of Cerebrovascular Disease.-Overview of Various Noninvasive Cerebrovascular Techniques.-Duplex Scanning of the Carotid Arteries.-The Role of Color Duplex Scanning in Diagnosing Diseases of the Aortic Arch Branches and Carotid Arteries.-Vertebral Artery Ultrasonography.-Transcranial Doppler Sonography.-Ultrasonic Characterization of Carotid Plaques.-Carotid Plaque Echolucency Measured by Gray Scale Median (GSM) Identifies Patients at Increased Risk of Stroke During Carotid Stenting. The ICAROS Study.-Duplex Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Temporal Arteritis.-Duplex Ultrasound Velocity Criteria for Carotid Stenting Patients.-Use of TCD in Monitoring Patients During Carotid Artery Stenting.-Use of an Angle Independent Doppler System for Intraoperative Carotid Endarterectomy Surveillance.-Clinical Implications of the Vascular Laboratory in the Diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Insufficiency.-Overview of Peripheral Arterial Disease of the Lower Extremity.-Overview of Noninvasive Vascular Techniques in Peripheral Arterial Disease.-Segmental Doppler Pressures and Doppler Waveform Analysis in Peripheral Vascular Disease of the Lower Extremities.-Pulse Volume Recording in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Vascular Disease.-Duplex Scanning for Lower Extremity Arterial Disease.-Duplex Surveillance of Infrainguinal Bypass Grafts.-Rationale and Benefits of Surveillance after Prosthetic Infrainguinal Bypass Grafts.-Rationale and Benefits of Surveillance after PTA and Stenting of Iliac and Femoral Arteries.-Duplex Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Femoral P