Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics
(Sprache: Englisch)
Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics provides comprehensive treatment of all aspects of plant gene expression. Unique in explaining the subject from a plant perspective, it highlights the importance of gene expression in how plants interface with the modern...
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Klappentext zu „Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics “
Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics provides comprehensive treatment of all aspects of plant gene expression. Unique in explaining the subject from a plant perspective, it highlights the importance of gene expression in how plants interface with the modern world, and notes the many aspects of gene expression that were first discovered in plants.This reference covers topics ranging from plant genome structure and the key control points in how genes are expressed, to the mechanisms by which proteins are generated and how their activities are controlled and altered by posttranslational modifications.
Edited by authorities in the field, with contributions from invited experts, this textbook also includes:
specific examples that highlight when and how plants operate differently from other organisms;
special sections that provide in-depth discussions of particular issues;
end-of-chapter problems to help students recapitulate the main concepts;
full colour, with clear diagrams and illustrations showing important processes in plant gene expression;
a companion website with PowerPoint slides, downloadable figures, and answers to the questions posed in the book.
While primarily aimed at upper level undergraduates and graduate students in Plant Biology, this text is equally suited for advanced Agronomy and Crop Science students inclined to understand molecular aspects of organismal
phenomena. It is invaluable for any professional entering the field of plant biology.
Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics provides comprehensive treatment of all aspects of plant gene expression. Unique in explaining the subject from a plant perspective, it highlights the importance of gene expression in how plants interface with the modern world, and notes the many aspects of gene expression that were first discovered in plants.
This reference covers topics ranging from plant genome structure and the key control points in how genes are expressed, to the mechanisms by which proteins are generated and how their activities are controlled and altered by posttranslational modifications.
Edited by authorities in the field, with contributions from invited experts, this textbook also includes:
specific examples that highlight when and how plants operate differently from other organisms;
special sections that provide in-depth discussions of particular issues;
end-of-chapter problems to help students recapitulate the main concepts;
full colour, with clear diagrams and illustrations showing important processes in plant gene expression;
a companion website with PowerPoint slides, downloadable figures, and answers to the questions posed in the book.
While primarily aimed at upper level undergraduates and graduate students in Plant Biology, this text is equally suited for advanced Agronomy and Crop Science students inclined to understand molecular aspects of organismal
phenomena. It is invaluable for any professional entering the field of plant biology.
This reference covers topics ranging from plant genome structure and the key control points in how genes are expressed, to the mechanisms by which proteins are generated and how their activities are controlled and altered by posttranslational modifications.
Edited by authorities in the field, with contributions from invited experts, this textbook also includes:
specific examples that highlight when and how plants operate differently from other organisms;
special sections that provide in-depth discussions of particular issues;
end-of-chapter problems to help students recapitulate the main concepts;
full colour, with clear diagrams and illustrations showing important processes in plant gene expression;
a companion website with PowerPoint slides, downloadable figures, and answers to the questions posed in the book.
While primarily aimed at upper level undergraduates and graduate students in Plant Biology, this text is equally suited for advanced Agronomy and Crop Science students inclined to understand molecular aspects of organismal
phenomena. It is invaluable for any professional entering the field of plant biology.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „Plant Genes, Genomes and Genetics “
Acknowledgements xiIntroduction xiii
About the Companion Website xix
PART I: PLANT GENOMES AND GENES
Chapter 1 Plant genetic material 3
1.1 DNA is the genetic material of all living organisms, including plants 3
1.2 The plant cell contains three independent genomes 8
1.3 A gene is a complete set of instructions for building an RNA molecule 10
1.4 Genes include coding sequences and regulatory sequences 11
1.5 Nuclear genome size in plants is variable but the numbers of protein-coding, non-transposable element genes are roughly the same 12
1.6 Genomic DNA is packaged in chromosomes 15
1.7 Summary 15
1.8 Problems 15
References 16
Chapter 2 The shifting genomic landscape 17
2.1 The genomes of individual plants can differ in many ways 17
2.2 Differences in sequences between plants provide clues about gene function 20
2.3 SNPs and lengthmutations in simple sequence repeats are useful tools for genome mapping and marker assisted selection 22
2.4 Genome size and chromosome number are variable 28
2.5 Segments of DNA are often duplicated and can recombine 30
2.6 Some genes are copied nearby in the genome 31
2.7 Whole genome duplications are common in plants 34
2.8 Whole genome duplication has many effects on the genome and on gene function 37
2.9 Summary 41
2.10 Problems 42
Further reading 42
References 42
Chapter 3 Transposable elements 45
3.1 Transposable elements are common in genomes of all organisms 45
3.2 Retrotransposons are mainly responsible for increases in genome size 46
3.3 DNA transposons create small mutations when they insert and excise 52
3.4 Transposable elements move genes and change their regulation 57
3.5 How are transposable elements controlled? 60
3.6 Summary
... mehr
60
3.7 Problems 61
References 61
Chapter 4 Chromatin, centromeres and telomeres 63
4.1 Chromosomes are made up of chromatin, a complex of DNA and protein 63
4.2 Telomeres make up the ends of chromosomes 66
4.3 The chromosome middles-centromeres 71
4.4 Summary 77
4.5 Problems 77
Further reading 77
References 77
Chapter 5 Genomes of organelles 79
5.1 Plastids and mitochondria are descendants of free-living bacteria 79
5.2 Organellar genes have been transferred to the nuclear genome 80
5.3 Organellar genes sometimes include introns 82
5.4 Organellar mRNA is often edited 82
5.5 Mitochondrial genomes contain fewer genes than chloroplasts 84
5.6 Plant mitochondrial genomes are large and undergo frequent recombination 87
5.7 All plastid genomes in a cell are identical 91
5.8 Plastid genomes are similar among land plants but contain some structural rearrangements 93
5.9 Summary 95
5.10 Problems 95
Further reading 95
References 95
PART II: TRANSCRIBING PLANT GENES
Chapter 6 RNA 99
6.1 RNA links components of the Central Dogma 99
6.2 Structure provides RNA with unique properties 102
6.3 RNA has multiple regulatory activities 105
6.4 Summary 108
6.5 Problems 108
References 109
Chapter 7 The plant RNA polymerases 111
7.1 Transcription makes RNA from DNA 111
7.2 Varying numbers of RNA polymerases in the different kingdoms 112
7.3 RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNAs 114
7.4 RNA polymerase III r
3.7 Problems 61
References 61
Chapter 4 Chromatin, centromeres and telomeres 63
4.1 Chromosomes are made up of chromatin, a complex of DNA and protein 63
4.2 Telomeres make up the ends of chromosomes 66
4.3 The chromosome middles-centromeres 71
4.4 Summary 77
4.5 Problems 77
Further reading 77
References 77
Chapter 5 Genomes of organelles 79
5.1 Plastids and mitochondria are descendants of free-living bacteria 79
5.2 Organellar genes have been transferred to the nuclear genome 80
5.3 Organellar genes sometimes include introns 82
5.4 Organellar mRNA is often edited 82
5.5 Mitochondrial genomes contain fewer genes than chloroplasts 84
5.6 Plant mitochondrial genomes are large and undergo frequent recombination 87
5.7 All plastid genomes in a cell are identical 91
5.8 Plastid genomes are similar among land plants but contain some structural rearrangements 93
5.9 Summary 95
5.10 Problems 95
Further reading 95
References 95
PART II: TRANSCRIBING PLANT GENES
Chapter 6 RNA 99
6.1 RNA links components of the Central Dogma 99
6.2 Structure provides RNA with unique properties 102
6.3 RNA has multiple regulatory activities 105
6.4 Summary 108
6.5 Problems 108
References 109
Chapter 7 The plant RNA polymerases 111
7.1 Transcription makes RNA from DNA 111
7.2 Varying numbers of RNA polymerases in the different kingdoms 112
7.3 RNA polymerase I transcribes rRNAs 114
7.4 RNA polymerase III r
... weniger
Autoren-Porträt von Erich Grotewold, Joseph Chappell, Elizabeth A. Kellogg
Dr Erich Grotewold is currently a professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics (College of Arts & Sciences) as well as in the Department of Horticulture & Crop Sciences (College of Food, Agriculture & Environmental Sciences) at The Ohio State University. His research focuses on plant systems biology.Dr Joseph Chappell joined the faculty at the University of Kentucky in 1985, where he has developed an internationally recognized research program pioneering the molecular genetics and biochemistry
of natural products in plants.
Dr Elizabeth Kellogg was formerly the E. Desmond Lee and Family Professor of Botanical Studies at the University of Missouri-St. Louis, and is currently a Member of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in St. Louis. Her work focuses on the evolution of plant genes, genomes and development, particularly in the cereal crops and their wild relatives.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autoren: Erich Grotewold , Joseph Chappell , Elizabeth A. Kellogg
- 2015, 1. Auflage, 264 Seiten, mit Abbildungen, Maße: 18,9 x 24,6 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- ISBN-10: 1119998875
- ISBN-13: 9781119998877
- Erscheinungsdatum: 15.05.2015
Sprache:
Englisch
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