Regulation of Gene Expression and Brain Function

Introduction: Gene Expression in the Brain.- References.- Brain Gene Expression in Development and After Injury.- Hybridization Complexity Studies of Messenger RNAs.- Recombinant DNA Technology.- Probes for mRNAs, Genes and Proteins.- Cellular Localization of mRNAs and Proteins in Brain.- Analysis of the Regulation and Function of Specific Genes.- Cloning and Characterization of Known Brain-Specific Genes.- Neurotransmitter Enzymes.- Multigene Families Encoding Receptors.- Glia-Specific Genes.- Screening cDNA Libraries for Brain-Specific Genes.- Identification of Other Developmentally Regulated Genes.- Genes That Are Turned On During Development.- Genes That Are Turned Off During Development.- Subcellular Targeting of mRNAs and Proteins.- Neurotrophic Factors, Brain Injury and Disease.- References.- Sorting and Intracellular Transport of RNA in Neurons: Regulation of Gene Expression at Synaptic Sites.- Protein Synthesis in Neurons: A Distributed Network.- Differential Distribution of RNA Species Within Neurons.- Identifying Other mRNAs That Are Present in Dendrites.- Biochemical Studies of the Proteins Synthesized Within Dendrites.- Approaches to Isolate and Identify Dendritic mRNAs.- How Could the Differential Distribution of RNA be Generated?.- Local Regulation of Transcription in Multinucleated Cells.- Domain-Specific Stabilization or Degradation.- mRNA Sorting.- mRNA Sorting Based on Signals in the RNA Itself.- Sorting Based on Signals in the Nascent Polypeptide.- RNA Sorting in Neurons.- Dendritic Transport of RNA.- Translational Repression of Transported mRNAs.- Docking at Synaptic Sites.- Dendritic RNAs That Do Not Encode Proteins.- mRNA in Axons.- Sorting of mRNA in Other Differentiated Cell Types.- Why Are Some Proteins Synthesized Locally?.- Conclusion.- References.- Chromatin Structure, Gene Expression, and Nuclear Aluminum in Alzheimer's Disease.- Gene Expression in Eukaryotic Cells.- Basic Structures of Eukaryotic Chromatin: DNA Compaction.-