Sorkin, D: Religious Enlightenment

List of Illustrations xi List of Maps xii Preface xiii Introduction 1 Enlightenment or Enlightenments? 3 The Religious Enlightenment 5 Reasonableness 11 Toleration 14 The Public Sphere 16 State Nexus 18 The Enlightenment Spectrum 19 Chapter One: BRANT BROUGHTON, LONDON, GLOUCESTER William Warburton's "Heroic Moderation" 23 Natural Right and Toleration 31 History 39 Established Religion 53 Justifi cation, Philosophy, and Science 54 Secular Culture 61 Moderation in Decline 64 Conclusion 65 Chapter Two: GENEVA Jacob Vernet's "Middle Way" 67 Theology 76 Politics 85 The Enlightenment and the Philosophes 97 Geneva Transformed 109 Chapter Three: HALLE Siegmund Jacob Baumgarten's "Vital Knowledge" 113 "The Union with God" 128 Exegesis 136 History, Sacred and Secular 142 Natural Right and Toleration 152 Neology and the State 158 Chapter Four: BERLIN Moses Mendelssohn's "Vital Script" 165 Intellectual Renewal: Philosophy 176 Intellectual Renewal: Exegesis 180 "Civic Ac cep tance" and "Divine Legislation" 193 "The Socrates of Berlin" 206 Haskalah and Beyond 208 Conclusion 212 Chapter Five: VIENNA- LINZ Joseph Valentin Eybel's "Reasonable Doctrine" 215 Church Law 228 Linz and Joseph II 237 "True Devotion" 249 Revolution 254 Conclusion 258 Chapter Six: TOUL- PARIS- LYON Adrien Lamourette's "Luminous Side of Faith" 261 Where France Differed 263 Catholicism 266 The 1780s 269 Theology 274 Revolution, 1789-91 282 Revolution, 1791-94 296 Conclusion 307 Epilogue 311 Glossary 315 Index 319

David Sorkin is the Frances and Laurence Weinstein Professor of Jewish Studies and professor of history at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His books include "The Berlin Haskalah and German Religious Thought" and "Moses Mendelssohn and the Religious Enlightenment".

"Why can?t religion and the Enlightenment be friends? What?s that, you say? They were friends? Why didn?t anyone tell us? Well, David Sorkin has. A professor of history and Jewish studies at the University of Wisconsin, he argues in a new study that religion and the Enlightenment were even more than friends... The French Revolution and its Napoleonic aftermath not only destroyed the religious Enlightenment in practice; it also created, as Dr. Sorkin notes, a ?religious-secular dichotomy? that condemned this side of the Enlightenment to historical obscurity. Rescuing it from that obscurity, he insists, is of much more than academic interest."--Peter Steinfels, New York Times "This is a book about religious ideas of the 18th century. Although scholars tend to see the Enlightenment as antireligious and secular, Sorkin persuasively argues that this was not the whole story. Instead, all of Europe's major religions produced movements of religious reform compatible with the Enlightenment... [S]orkin makes his case that there were individuals and groups within organized religion who welcomed the Enlightenment and tried to accommodate religion within it."--P. Grendler, Choice "Sorkin makes very interesting discoveries about the parallel developments within different religions in the eighteenth century."--Larry Wolff, American Historical Review "Sorkin has written a powerful, imaginative, and path-breaking study that fundamentally challenges reigning academic conceptions of the Enlightenment, the birth of modern Europe, and the path of modern European history... The author's argument for a more moderate view of the birth and path of modernity across the European continent--one that grew out of dialogue and toleration and not out of religious or ethnic conflict--is compelling and persuasive."--Scott Ury, Religious Studies Review "This dense, erudite and necessary book certainly establishes that religious reform was a central--and precarious--feature of the Enlightenment. It