TEX in Practice

\ifcase.- 3.3.12 Computing the Absolute Value.- 3.3.13 Modulo Computation, \IModN.- 3.3.14 Compute the Value in a Certain Position, \ValueOfDecimalPosition.- 3.3.15 The Definition of Macro \LargestDecimalPlace and Its Use.- 3.3.16 Printing a Number in Textual Form.- 3.4 Generic Counter Register Macros.- 3.4.1 Printing Counter Registers, \arabic, \roman, \Roman, \alph, \Alph.- 3.4.2 Macros to Administer Counter Registers.- 3.4.3 The Definition of Macro \ReassignCounter.- 3.4.4 Examples Using the Counter Register Macros.- 3.5 Summary.- 4 More on Registers, Dimensions.- 4.1 Dimensions and Dimension Units.- 4.1.1 "Absolute" Dimension Units.- 4.1.2 "Font Relative" Dimension Units.- 4.1.3 Writing Dimensions in TEX.- 4.1.4 "Infinite" Dimension Units.- 4.1.5 True Dimensions and Global Magnification.- 4.1.6 Saving Tokens When Writing Dimension Values.- 4.1.7 Dimension Registers, \dimen.- 4.1.8 The Largest Legal Dimension, \maxdimen.- 4.1.9 Dimension Parameters.- 4.1.10 A Rounding Error Problem.- 4.1.11 Computing an Absolute Dimension.- 4.2 Glue Registers.- 4.2.1 Glue Registers in General.- 4.2.2 Glue Parameters.- 4.3 Math Glue Registers.- 4.4 Mixing Counter, Dimension and Glue Registers.- 4.5 Box Registers.- 4.5.1 Allocating a New Box Register, \newbox.- 4.5.2 Box Register States.- 4.5.3 Retrieving the Content of a Box Register, \box, \copy.- 4.5.4 Loading Box Registers, \setbox.- 4.5.5 Exchanging Two Box Registers, \SwapBoxRegs.- 4.5.6 Clearing a Box Register, \ClearBoxReg.- 4.5.7 Conditionals Related to Box Registers, \ReportBoxType.- 4.5.8 Accessing the Dimensions of a Box Register's Content, \ht, \dp, \wd.- 4.5.9 Modifying the Dimensions of a Box Stored in a Box Register.- 4.5.10 Arithmetic with Dimensions of Box Registers, \AdvanceBoxDimension, \OverallSize.- 4.5.11 Dimensions of Void Box Registers.- 4.5.12 Generating an Empty Box, \EmptyBox.- 4.5.13 Setting All Dimensions of a Box Register to Zero, \ZeroBox, \ZeroBoxOut.- 4.5.14 Dumping the Contents of a Box Register into the Log File: \showbox, \showboxdepth, \showboxbreadth.- 4.5.15 The Definitions of Macros \ShowBoxAll, \ShowBoxDepthOne and \ShowBoxDepthTwo.- 4.5.16 Grouping and Box Register Dimensions.- 4.6 Summary of the \new... Macros.- 4.6.1 A List of All \new... Macros.- 4.6.2 \outer-free Definitions of the \new... Macros.- 4.6.3 Name Conflicts in \new... Macros.- 4.7 Dumping All Parameters into the Logfile.- 4.8 Summary.- 5 Glue, Leaders and Rules.- 5.1 Basic Properties of Glue.- 5.2 Horizontal Glue.- 5.2.1 Glue Without Stretch- and Shrinkability, Negative Glue.- 5.2.2 Getting Glue to Stretch and Shrink.- 5.2.3 Stretching, Overstretching, Shrinking and Overshrinking of Glue.- 5.3 Badness of Boxes.- 5.3.1 Computing the Badness.- 5.3.2 Computing the Badness When Shrinking Occurs.- 5.3.3 The Counter Parameter \badness.- 5.3.4 Examples of TEX's Badness Computations.- 5.3.5 Overfull and Underfull Boxes, \hbadness, \vbadness.- 5.3.6 The Marking of Overfull Horizontal Boxes, \overfullrule.- 5.3.7 Dimension Parameters \hfuzz, \vfuzz.- 5.3.8 Stretching of Multiple Glues.- 5.4 Glue with Infinite Stretchability and Shrinkability.- 5.4.1 "Infinite" Units of Dimension.- 5.4.2 More on the Use of Infinite Units.- 5.4.3 \hfil, \hfill, \hss, \hfilneg.- 5.4.4 The Hierarchy in the Dimensions Units of the Stretchability and Shrinkability of Glues.- 5.4.5 Examples Involving Glue with Infinite Stretchabilities.- 5.4.6 Glue Is a Discardable Item.- 5.4.7 Zero Glue Versus No Glue.- 5.4.8 Kern, \kern.- 5.4.9 Macros of the Plain Format Relating to Horizontal Glue and Kern.- 5.5 Vertical Glue, \vskip.- 5.5.1 Implicit Vertical Glues, Glue Parameters.- 5.5.2 Macros of the Plain Format Generating Vertical Glue, \smallskip, \medskip, \bigskip.- 5.5.3 \vfil, \vfill, \vss, \vfilneg.- 5.5.4 Examples of Explicit Vertical Glue.- 5.6 Leaders.- 5.6.1 Leader Definitions Based on Rules, "Visible Glue".- 5.6.2 Leaders Based on Boxes.- 5.6.3 Leader Example Macros.- 5.6.4 Sample Figure Source Codes.- 5.6.5 Leader Related Macro Definitions in the Plain Format of TEX.- 5.7 Rules.- 5.7.1 Rule Dimensions.- 5.7.2 Keywords height, depth and width.- 5.7.3 Examples of Rules.- 5.8 Penalties.- 5.8.1 Penalty Values.- 5.8.2 Macros Involving Penalties.- 5.9 Summary.- 6 Boxes.- 6.1 Basics About Boxes, Box Types.- 6.1.1 Coding a Box.- 6.1.2 Reference Point and Dimensions of Boxes.- 6.2 Horizontal Boxes (Hboxes).- 6.2.1 Making Boxes Visible.- 6.2.2 The Contents of an Hbox.- 6.2.3 The Building of an Hbox.- 6.2.4 Implicit Grouping and Hboxes.- 6.2.5 Characters Are Almost Hboxes.- 6.2.6 The \null Macro.- 6.2.7 How to Structure the Source Code of an \hbox Command.- 6.2.8 \hbox\bgroup... \egroup.- 6.3 Examples of Building Horizontal Boxes.- 6.3.1 Characters in Hboxes.- 6.3.2 Other Boxes Inside an Hbox.- 6.3.3 Using Boxes Stored in Box Registers.- 6.3.4 Raising and Lowering Boxes, \raise, \lower.- 6.3.5 More \raise and \lower Examples.- 6.3.6 Vertical Boxes Inside Horizontal Boxes.- 6.3.7 Horizontal Glue Inside Hboxes.- 6.3.8 Vertical Rules Inside Hboxes.- 6.3.9 Mathematical Formulas Inside Hboxes.- 6.4 Determining the Dimensions of Hboxes.- 6.4.1 A Little Bit of Theory.- 6.4.2 Examples of Width Computations of Hboxes.- 6.4.3 Computing Height and Depth of an Hbox.- 6.4.4 Empty Hboxes Built with \hbox to ?dimen?.- 6.5 Hboxes of Zero or Nearly Zero Width, \hbox to Opt {...}.- 6.5.1 The Problem of Overprinting Two Characters.- 6.5.2 Macros \rlap and \llap.- 6.5.3 Poor Man's Boldface, Macro \BoldfaceFake.- 6.5.4 Constructing a Special Symbol.- 6.5.5 Solving the Same Problem Using Box Registers.- 6.6 \...line Macros \line, \leftline, \rightline and \centerline.- 6.6.1 The Definitions of the \... line Macros.- 6.6.2 The Definitions of Macros \LeftLeaderLine, \RightLeaderLine, and \CenterLeaderLine.- 6.6.3 Examples.- 6.6.4 Paragraphs Preceding \... line Calls.- 6.6.5 \line... Macros and Glue Used.- 6.6.6 Using the \line... Macros Inside a Vbox.- 6.7 Generating More Hboxes.- 6.7.1 Hboxes Prevent Hyphenation.- 6.7.2 Generating the TEX Logo.- 6.7.3 Building Letterheads.- 6.7.4 Removing Glue from a Horizontal List, \unskip.- 6.8 A Table Generated with Hboxes.- 6.8.1 An Outline of Printing a Table Using Hboxes.- 6.8.2 An Example Table Built Using Hboxes.- 6.8.3 Adding Headers to an Hbox-Based Table.- 6.8.4 Adding Vertical Glue to an Hbox-Built Table.- 6.8.5 Using a Macro Building Table Rows.- 6.8.6 Adding Horizontal Rules.- 6.8.7 Modifications to the Discussed Table.- 6.9 Building Tables Using \settabs.- 6.10 More Hbox Examples.- 6.10.1 Underlining, \underbar.- 6.10.2 A Macro for Signature Lines, \SignatureLine.- 6.10.3 A Form Line Macro, \FormLine.- 6.10.4 Another Interesting Example.- 6.11 \hidevidth.- 6.12 Infinite Glues and Hboxes.- 6.13 Token Parameters \everyhbox and \everyvbox.- 6.14 Summary.- 7 Vertical Boxes.- 7.1 Basics of Vertical Boxes.- 7.1.1 Primitives \vbox, \vtop and \vcenter for the Generation of Vboxes.- 7.1.2 Making Vboxes Visible.- 7.1.3 Comparing Hboxes and Vboxes.- 7.1.4 The Vertical List of a Vbox.- 7.2 Building Simple Vboxes.- 7.2.1 A Paragraph Inside a Vbox, Centering a Vbox.- 7.2.2 Vertical Glue and Other Boxes Inside Vboxes.- 7.2.3 More on Boxes Inside Vboxes, \leavevmode.- 7.2.4 Moving Items Inside a Vbox Horizontally, \moveleft, \moveright.- 7.3 Line Spacing and Interline Glue.- 7.3.1 Overlapping of Lines Is Prevented.- 7.3.2 Changing \baselineskip.- 7.3.3 Typical Settings of \baselineskip.- 7.3.4 Explaining \baselineskip, \lineskiplimit, and \lineskip.- 7.3.5 Computing the Interline Glue.- 7.3.6 An Example of Interline Glue Computations.- 7.3.7 Visualizing Interline Glue Computations.- 7.3.8 Interline Glue Computations and \vskips.- 7.3.9 The Depth of the Preceding Box or Line, \prevdepth.- 7.3.10 Suppressing Interline Glue Using \nointerlineskip.- 7.3.11 How to Disable and Enable Interline Glue, \offinterlineskip, \normalbaselines.- 7.3.12 Comparing \offinterlineskip and \nointerlineskip.- 7.3.13 The Definition of Macro \AlwaysBaselineskip.- 7.3.14 Interline Glue and Horizontal Rules.- 7.3.15 Increasing Interline Spacing Using Macro \openup.- 7.4 Struts.- 7.4.1 Different Ways to Generate Struts and Strut-Like Constructs.- 7.4.2 Strut Examples.- 7.4.3 Automatic Strut Computations, Macros \ComputeStrut, \HigherStrut and \DeeperStrut.- 7.4.4 Macro \ReduceToStrut to Generate a Strut Based on Some Arbitrary Text.- 7.5 The Dimensions of Vboxes.- 7.5.1 The Width of Vboxes.- 7.5.2 The Height and Depth Computations of Vboxes.- 7.5.3 Some More Examples of Vbox Dimension Computations.- 7.5.4 Limiting the Depth of a Vbox, \boxmaxdepth.- 7.5.5 A Discussion of \vcenter and Its Restrictions, Macro \VcenterX.- 7.5.6 Predefined Heights or Depths in Vboxes: \vbox, \vtop and \vcenter to or spread ?dimen?.- 7.5.7 A Macro to Shift the Reference Point of a Box Up or Down, \ShiftRefPointUpOrDown.- 7.5.8 Alignment Problems in Vboxes.- 7.6 Summary.- 8 More on Vertical Boxes.- 8.1 Unwrapping Boxes Using \un... Primitives.- 8.1.1 Showing the Workings of \unhbox, etc..- 8.1.2 Interline Glue and \unvbox.- 8.1.3 Determining the Natural Height or Depth of a Vbox, \NaturalHeight, \NaturalDepth.- 8.1.4 The Macro \Vtbox to Move the Reference Point of a Vbox.- 8.2 Splitting Vboxes, \vsplit.- 8.2.1 The Syntax of \vsplit.- 8.2.2 The First \vsplit Example.- 8.2.3 Glue Is Removed at a Break Point.- 8.2.4 Protecting Glue at a Break Point.- 8.2.5 Protecting Glue at a Break Point, Exceptions.- 8.2.6 Leaders Are Removed at a Break Point.- 8.2.7 The Insertion of \splittopskip Glue by TEX.- 8.2.8 Using a Penalty in \vsplit.- 8.2.9 The of \vsplit ?dimen?.- 8.2.10 Splitting Requires Glue or Penalty (or Both).- 8.2.11 The Dimension Parameter \splitmaxdepth.- 8.2.12 Applying \vsplit: Adding Line Numbers to the Beginning of Every Line of a Paragraph.- 8.3 Making a Box Larger, \BoxLarger.- 8.4 Another More Complicated Vbox Example.- 8.5 Removing Items from a Box Related List.- 8.5.1 The \lastbox Primitive.- 8.5.2 Examples of \lastskip, \lastkern, \lastpenalty.- 8.5.3 An Example of Using \unskip.- 8.6 Vertical Spacing Macros.- 8.7 Summary.- 9 Boxes and Rules.- 9.1 Rule Placement and Borderline of Boxes.- 9.2 Macros to Draw Simple Graphs.- 9.2.1 The Macro Source Code.- 9.2.2 An Example Applying the Presented Macros.- 9.3 Drawing Rules Around a Box.- 9.3.1 A Simple Macro to Draw Rules Around a Box (\BoxingA).- 9.3.2 An Example Application of \BoxingA: Reserving Space for a Figure, \FigureBox.- 9.3.3 A Macro for Drawing Rules Around Boxes with User-Controlled Thickness of those Rules, \BoxingB.- 9.3.4 Macros Including the Marking of Reference Points of Boxes, \BoxingC, and Baseline, \BoxingD.- 9.3.5 Correcting Reference Point and Dimensions.- 9.3.6 Rule Macros for Marking Boxes.- 9.3.7 The Definition of Macro \BoxingE.- 9.3.8 An Example of Using \BoxingE.- 9.3.9 Replacing \hbox by \HboxR, \vbox by \VboxR, etc..- 9.3.10 Examples.- 9.3.11 Empty Ruled Boxes, \EmptyRuledBox.- 9.3.12 Eliminating Ruled Boxes, \EliminateRuledBoxes.- 9.3.13 \LineR, \LeftLineR, \RightLineR and \CenterLineR.- 9.3.14 The Combined Loading of the Most Important Box-Related Macros.- 9.4 Summary.- Source Code File Index.