The Essential Guide to Digital Signal Processing

Preface xi Chapter 1: What Is Digital Signal Processing? 1 The Phantom Technology 1 What Is a Signal? 2 Analog and Digital Signals 3 Digital Signal Processing 3 What You Should Remember 5 Chapter 2: Analog Signals 7 What Is an Analog Signal? 7 A Temperature Analog Signal 7 An Audio Analog Signal 8 An Electrical Analog Signal 10 A Human Speech Analog Signal 21 What You Should Remember 22 Chapter 3: Frequency and the Spectra of Analog Signals 25 Frequency 25 The Concept of Spectrum 29 Analog Signal Spectra 30 What You Should Remember 42 Chapter 4: Digital Signals and How They Are Generated 43 What Is a Digital Signal? 43 How Digital Signals Are Generated 48 The Sample Rate of a Digital Signal 52 A Speech Digital Signal 53 An Example of Digital Signal Processing 55 Another Example of Digital Signal Processing 57 Two Important Aspects of Sampling Analog Signals 61 Sample Rate Conversion 63 What You Should Remember 66 Chapter 5: Sampling and the Spectra of Digital Signals 67 Analog Signal Spectra-A Quick Review 67 How Sampling Affects the Spectra of Digital Signals 71 The Spectrum of a Digital Sine Wave Signal 82 The Spectrum of a Digital Voice Signal 85 The Spectrum of a Digital Music Signal 86 Anti-Aliasing Filters 89 Analog-to-Digital Converter Output Numbers 93 What You Should Remember 94 Chapter 6: How We Compute Digital Signal Spectra 95 Computing Digital Spectra 95 A Spectral Computation Example 97 A Spectral Analysis Example 103 What You Should Remember 106 Chapter 7: Wavelets 107 The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-A Quick Review 107 The Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) 109 What You Should Remember 117 Chapter 8: Digital Filters 119 Analog Filtering 119 Generic Filter Types 121 Digital Filtering 122 What You Should Remember 126 Chapter 9: Binary Numbers 127 Number Systems 128 Binary Data 133 Why Use Binary Numbers? 134 Binary Numbers and Analog-to-Digital Converters 136 What You Should Remember 139 Appendix A: Scientific Notation 141 Appendix B: Decibels 145

Richard G. Lyons, consulting systems engineer and lecturer with Besser Associates, received the IEEE Signal Processing Society's 2012 Educator of the Year Award and has taught DSP at the University of California, Santa Cruz Extension. Former associate editor for IEEE Signal Processing magazine, he created and edited its "DSP Tips and Tricks" column. His books include Understanding Digital Signal Processing, Third Edition (Prentice Hall, 2011). D. Lee Fugal is president of S&ST Technical Consulting, chairman of the San Diego IEEE Signal Processing Society, and author of Conceptual Wavelets in Digital Signal Processing (Space & Signals Technical Publishing, 2009). Drawing on more than thirty years of industry experience, he teaches upper-division university courses in DSP and offers ATI short courses for working engineers throughout the United States. An IEEE Senior Member, he is a recipient of the IEEE's Third Millennium Medal.