UNI-MED Science / Modern methods for the diagnosis of HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the prevention of cervical cancer
(Sprache: Englisch)
Cervical cancer is still the most common malignant disease in women in many parts of the third world, associated with a high mortality. No other human cancer is so well understood and offers so many ways of sufficient prevention as cervical cancer. In...
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Klappentext zu „UNI-MED Science / Modern methods for the diagnosis of HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the prevention of cervical cancer “
Cervical cancer is still the most common malignant disease in women in many parts of the third world, associated with a high mortality. No other human cancer is so well understood and offers so many ways of sufficient prevention as cervical cancer. In contrast to most other malignant diseases, the genesis of cervical cancer is essentially linked to just one major cause - infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Knowledge about the genesis of cervical cancer exploded during the last two decades and resulted in a new concept of primary prevention of cervical cancer using HPV vaccination and to improve current secondary prevention programmes with HPV testing. As usual, new concepts raise new ques-tions.This book summarizes the current knowledge about screening for cervical cancer and the state of the management of atypical screening results in greater details. The authors are well known experts in their fields, who were directly involved in basic and clinical research on all aspects around HPV and cervical cancer prevention for many years. Their contributions about the role of HPV in the genesis of cervical cancer, new chances in primary and secondary prevention and management of atypical screening results should help physicians and other health professionals with an interest in cervical cancer prevention to understand the current level of evidence and to transform it into better clinical practice.
Inhaltsverzeichnis zu „UNI-MED Science / Modern methods for the diagnosis of HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the prevention of cervical cancer “
1. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer 131.1. How does HPV cause cervical cancer? (M. von Knebel Döberitz, L. Gissmann) 131.1.1. Background 131.1.2. The papillomavirus life cycle 131.1.3. HPV-uptake, replication and arguments for a potential latent infection 131.1.4. The concept of transforming HPV infections 171.1.5. Epigenetic modification of cellular and viral genomes as fundamental process during squamous cell differentiation and viral replication 181.2. The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections and cervical cancer (F.X. Bosch) 231.2.1. Abstract 231.2.2. The global burden and natural history of HPV infection 231.2.3. Epidemiological evidence for the causal link between HPV and cervical cancer 241.2.3.1. HPV DNA prevalence and type distribution in cervical cancer 241.2.3.2. HPV prevalence and type distribution in women with high-grade cervical lesions 251.2.3.3. Case control studies 251.2.3.4. Cohort studies 271.2.3.5. Cofactors for cervical cancer: Hormones, cigarette smoking, viral coinfections and behaviour 271.2.3.6. The role of HPV in genital cancers other than cervical 281.2.3.7. Public health implications 282. Screening strategies to prevent cervical cancer 312.1. Basics of screening for clinicians (K.U. Petry) 312.1.1. Introduction 312.1.2. Defining primary prevention, primary screening and triage 312.1.3. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and their dependence on the population examined 322.1.4. Conclusions for clinicians for primary screening and triage 332.2. Thinlayer cytology and computerassistance in cytology (H. Ikenberg) 332.3. HPV testing in cervical cancer screening (CJLM Meijer, D.C. Rijkaart, J. Berkhof, PJF Snijders, M. Arbyn) 412.3.1. Which test 442.3.2. Quality assessment 452.3.3. Triage of hrHPV-positive women 452.3.4. At what age do we need to start hrHPV testing? 452.3.5. Guidelines for cervical screening 462.3.6. Conclusions 462.3.7. Abstract 462.4. Biomarkers in cervical cancer screening: Basic principles and
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clinical evaluation (M. von Knebel-Döberitz, C. Bergeron) 492.4.1. Introduction 492.4.2. Basic pathogenesis of HPV infections and its impact for biomarker identification 502.4.3. Biomarkers that help to define the individual phases of HPV infections 522.4.4. Biomarkers for HPV infections 532.4.5. Biomarkers for permissive HPV infections 532.4.6. Biomarkers for transforming HPV infections (p16INK4a and the CINtec concept) 532.4.7. Markers for aberrant S-phase induction (ProEx C) 562.4.8. E6/E7 mRNA tests 572.4.9. Conclusions 573. From screening results to diagnosis 623.1. Triage of borderline/low-grade Pap cytology (S. Nazeer, M.I. Shafi) 623.1.1. Introduction 623.1.2. Minor cervical cytological abnormality 623.1.3. ALTS study - ASCUS/LSIL triage study for cervical cancer 633.1.4. TOMBOLA study - Trial of management of borderline and other low-grade abnormal smears 633.1.5. Meta-analyses and overviews 643.1.6. Other technologies 643.1.7. Summary 653.2. Triaging of HPV-positive women (K.U. Petry) 663.2.1. The dilemma of HPV-positive results - only few cases will hide high-grade disease 663.2.2. Immediate colposcopy 673.2.3. Triage of HPV+ with cytology: Results from RCTs and other studies 683.2.4. Triage of HPV+ with repeat HPV testing 693.2.5. Triage of HPV+ using genotyping 693.2.6. Triage of HPV+ using HPV mRNA E6/E7 703.2.7. Triage of HPV+ with p16 703.2.8. Triage of HPV+ with p16-Ki67 dual staining 713.2.9. Triage of HPV+ with methylation markers 723.2.10. Summary 723.3. Colposcopy (K.U. Petry, M.I. Shafi) 763.3.1. Introduction 763.3.2. Technique 763.3.3. Atypical transformation zone 763.3.4. Grading Systems 773.3.5. New technology 783.3.6. Randomized controlled studies and meta-analyses of colposcopy as a diagnostic technique 793.3.7. Adverse effects of colposcopy 803.3.8. Referral for colposcopy threshold 803.3.9. Future role of colposcopy 803.4. Histopathology (T. Junkers, T. Löning) 813.4.1. Summary 813.4.2. Introduction 823.4.3. Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN) 823.4.3.1. Squamous intraepithelial lesion, low grade 823.4.3.2. Squamous intraepithelial lesion, high grade 833.4.3.3. SIL - differential diagnosis 843.4.3.4. Biomarkers 843.4.4. Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia 843.4.4.1. ACIS - differential diagnosis 853.4.5. Microinvasive (early invasive) cervical carcinoma 863.4.6. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma 873.4.7. Invasive adenocarcinoma 874. Will vaccination be the ultimate solution to eradicate cervical cancer? (F.X. Bosch) 894.1. Abstract 894.2. Eradication of an infectious disease 894.3. Eradication of cervical cancer 894.4. Social requirements for eradication 904.5. Primary and secondary prevention in developed countries: current options 904.5.1. HPV vaccines 904.5.2. Pap smears and HPV screening 914.6. Primary and secondary prevention in developing countries 914.6.1. Technology developments: second generation vaccines 914.7. Public Health considerations and conclusions 92 Index 95
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Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: K. Ulrich Petry
- 2011, 96 Seiten, 44 Abbildungen, Maße: 17,2 x 24,4 cm, Gebunden, Englisch
- Verlag: UNI-MED, Bremen
- ISBN-10: 3837412660
- ISBN-13: 9783837412666
- Erscheinungsdatum: 16.06.2011
Sprache:
Englisch
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