Social Pathways to Health Vulnerability (PDF)

Dula F. Pacquiao, EdD, RN, CTN-A, TNS, is a retired professor and former director of the PhD in Urban Health Program and the Center for Multicultural Research, Education and Practice at Rutgers University, School of Nursing. Her doctoral degree in Social and philosophical foundations of education is grounded in sociology, anthropology and history. She designed, implemented and integrated social determinants of health into PhD, DNP and MSN programs. She was a Senior Editor and a current Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Transcultural Nursing. She co-edited the book, Core Curriculum for Transcultural Nursing and Health Care (Sage, 2010) and authored 17 book chapters including Social Determinants of Health, in Holtz's Global Health Care (Jones and Bartlett, 2017) and Cultural Competence in Ethical Decision-making in Andrews and Boyle's Transcultural Concepts in Nursing Care (Wolters Kluwer, 2016).

Marilyn "Marty" K. Douglas, PhD, RN, FAAN, earned herPhD (International and Cross Cultural Nursing) from the University of California, San Francisco, where she is currently an Associate Clinical Professor. Her international work has been concentrated in developing countries, beginning with a Peace Corps assignment in Colombia and an internship with Pan American Health Organization in its Mexico City site. Dr. Douglas served as Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Transcultural Nursing for 15 years and chair of the American Academy of Nurses (AAN) Task Force on Standards of Culturally Competent Nursing Practice. In addition, Dr. Douglas worked with the American Nurses Association to develop a new standard of practice, "Cultural Congruent Practice". Dr. Douglas also served as Editor-in-Chief of the Core Curriculum for Transcultural Nursing and Health Care.