Antimicrobial Peptides

PREFACE ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES: THEIR HISTORY, EVOLUTION, AND FUNCTIONAL PROMISCUITY Introduction: The History of Antimicrobial Peptides AMPs: Evolutionarily Ancient Molecules AMPs: Multifunctional Molecules Discussion CATIONIC ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Introduction CAMPs and Their Antimicrobial Action CAMPs That Adopt an alpha-Helical Structure CAMPs That Adopt a ß-Sheet Structure CAMPs That Adopt Extended Structures Rich in Specific ResiduesDiscussion ANIONIC ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Introduction AAMPs in the Respiratory Tract AAMPs in the Brain AAMPs in the Epidermis AAMPs in the Epididymis AAMPs in Blood Components AAMPs in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Food Proteins AAMPs and Their Structure - Function RelationshipsDiscussion GRAPHICAL TECHNIQUES TO VISUALIZE THE AMPHIPHILIC STRUCTURES OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Introduction Amphiphilic Structures Adopted by AMPs Qualitative Methods for Identifying Amphiphilic Structure Quantitative Techniques for Analyzing Amphiphilic Structure Discussion MODELS FOR THE MEMBRANE INTERACTIONS OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Introduction CM-Associated Factors That Affect the Antimicrobial Action of a-CAMPs Mechanisms Used by CAMPs for Microbial Membrane Interaction Established Models for the Membrane Interactions of a-AMPs Recent Novel Models for the Membrane Interactions of a-AMPs Tilted Peptide Mechanism Amyloidogenic Mechanisms Discussion SELECTIVITY AND TOXICITY OF ONCOLYTIC ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES Introduction Peptide-Based Factors That Contribute to the Anticancer Action of Anticancer Peptides Membrane-Based Factors That Contribute to the Anticancer Action of ACPs Discussion INDEX

Professor David Andrew Phoenix, OBE, AcSS, DSc studied Biochemistry at degree and doctoral level at Liverpool University which in 2009awarded him a Doctor of Science for his impact on the field. In 2000 he was appointed Professor of Biochemistry, at the University ofCentral Lancashire (UCLan) and has held visiting chairs in Canada and Russia. He has published over 150 papers as well as a number ofedited collections and monographs. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, The Society of Biology, The Institute of Mathematics and Its Applications and the Royal Society of Medicine. Since 2008 he has been the Deputy Vice Chancellor of UCLan and also Chairs a research institute in Shenzhen focused on nanotechnology and biomedical engineering. He was made an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 2010 for services to Science and Higher Education and recognized as an Academician by the Academy of Social Sciences in 2012.Dr. Sarah Rachel Dennison PhD graduated from the University of Wales, Bangor with a Bachelor of Science in Environmental Biology in 1999. Subsequently, she undertook postgraduate research in Biochemistry / Biophysics, which led to a doctorate in 2004. Currently, Sarah is a Research Associate in the School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences at UCLan where she is investigating the role of amphiphilicityin the function of antimicrobial peptides using a number of biophysical techniques.Dr. Frederick Harris PhD studied at UCLan, graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry and Microbiology in 1993 before gaining hisDoctorate for work on the penicillinbinding proteins of Escherichia coli in 1998. Subsequently, he has undertaken research at Utrecht Universityand the Leibniz-Centre for Medicine and Biosciences, Germany. In 2000, Frederick started as a Research Fellow at UCLan and now has more than 75 publications to his name, which primarily focus on antimicrobial and anticancer peptides.