Fossils, Phylogeny, and Form

1 - Paleobiology: An Empirical Historical Science.- A Historical Perspective.- Phylogeny and Form.- References.- 2 - Phylogenetic Systematics: Five Steps to Enlightenment.- The Terminology.- The Method.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3 - Morphometry and Phylogeny in the Resolution of Paleobiological Problems-Unlocking the Evolutionary Significance of an Assemblage of Silurian Trilobites.- Paleontology's Contribution to Understanding Evolution.- Research Questions.- Locality.- Study Sample.- Analysis.- Discussion.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4 - Morphological Disparity: A Primer.- Cladistic Concepts.- Phenetic Concepts.- Phenetic Indices of Disparity.- Disparity and Major Body Plans.- Other Factors Variously Related to Disparity.- The Continuity of Morphospace Occupation.- Patterns of Disparity Through Time.- Morphological Constraints.- Disparity and Extant Biodiversity.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 - Homology, Characters, and Morphometric Data.- Homology.- Homology and Classes of Morphometric Variables.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 - Landmarks, Localization, and the Use of Morphometrics in Phylogenetic Analysis.- The Geometric Basis of Morphometric Observations.- The Biological Basis of Morphometric Observations.- Materials and Methods.- Results.- Discussion.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7 - Cladistic Biogeography: Component-Based Methods and Paleontological Application.- Geographic Congruence.- The Role of Fossils.- Optimality.- Area Definition.- Taxon-Area Cladograms, Areagrams and General Areagrams.- Analytical Problems and Assumptions.- Current Component-Based Approaches.- Sources of Ambiguity.- Node Interpretation.- Cladograms and Trees Revisited.- Acknowledgments.-Notes.- Glossary of Terms.- References.- 8 - Stratigraphy, Phylogeny, and Species Sampling in Time and Space.- Reconstructing Phylogeny With and Without Temporal "Data".- Time as "Data".- Utility of Strato-Phylogenies.-