Solar Photovoltaics Engineering. A Power Quality Analysis Using Matlab Simulation Case Studies

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Chapter 5: Introduction to Power Quality:
5.1 Introduction:
Today, the electric power organizations are no longer being operated as independent ones. They are being part of big network of utility companies, which are connected together in a complex network of grid. Usually, it is required that the heavy electrical machines and switchgear devices in big industry require the electric power which is distortion-less. This quality of electric power shows that the good Power Quality (PQ) is essential for smooth functioning of interconnected electric grid network. This is due to the fact that majority of loads in distribution system are inductive in nature. As per Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IEEE)-1100, PQ is defined as "the concept of powering and grounding sensitive electronic equipment in a manner that is suitable to the operation of that equipment." The various parameters which affect PQ are found in reference [28] viz. Variations in voltage magnitude, harmonics in AC power waveform, transient and oscillatory nature of current-voltage, with continuity of service.
During these days, all interconnected electric power systems are complex in nature, where majority of power generating stations and load centers are interconnected. Here, the major concerns for customers are reliability of continuity and quality of power supply available at load centers. It is observed that the electric power generation in most of developed countries is reliable, but quality of power supply is not.
The power supply system can only control the quality of the voltage. It has no control over the currents that particular loads might draw. Therefore, the standards in the PQ area are devoted to maintaining the supply voltage within certain limits. Any significant deviation in the waveform magnitude, frequency or purity is a potential PQ problem. Of course, there is always a close relationship between voltage and current in any practical power system.

Dr. Akhil Gupta received B.E. (Electrical Engineering) from Giani Zail Singh-Punjab Technical University Campus, Bathinda (affiliated with Inder Kumar Gujral PTU, Jalandhar, India) in 1999, and M.Tech. in Electrical Engineering from Kay Jay group of Institutes, Patiala (Institute of Advanced Studies In Education, Rajasthan) in 2005. He completed his Ph.D. from the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology,Kurukshetra, Haryana, India, in 2016. He is now Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India. He has around 17 years of experience in academics/industry and has published more than 40 publications in reputed International Journals/Conferences. His areas of research are integration of solar photovoltaic energy systems into electrical power systems, power quality and control.