The Vimana Sthana of the Charaka Samhita as a Knowledge and Measurement Unit
(Sprache: Englisch)
The Indian system of medicine is known for its classical literature, mainly the major triad of the Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and the Ashtanga Hridayam. These classical texts were created by the seers of yore who had a profound knowledge free of any...
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The Indian system of medicine is known for its classical literature, mainly the major triad of the Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and the Ashtanga Hridayam. These classical texts were created by the seers of yore who had a profound knowledge free of any shortcomings. These ancient literary gems were based on the strong foundation of Indian Philosophy, mainly the theistic ones. Out of the three major classics, the Charaka Samhita is well known for its deliberations on the speciality of medicine. The main postulates of the Charaka Samhita aim at the maintenance of health of the healthy and the treatment of the diseased. The Charaka Samhita has a total of 120 chapters divided into 8 sections known as Sthana. The first and foremost is the Sutra Sthana, i.e. the section dealing with the fundamentals of the Indian system of medicine known as Ayurveda. All the basic principles of the Ayurveda system related to the health are mentioned in this section. These principles find their application elsewhere in the other seven sections of the text.One of the most important of all the sections of the Charaka Samhita is the Vimana Sthana, i.e. the section dealing with measurement/standardization. It is hereby referred to as the Section of Examinations or the Pariksha Sthana. The Vimana Sthana has a total of 8 chapters which ponder over a wide range of subjects like the special effects of drugs, epidemiology, pathology, dietetics, ways of gaining knowledge and the teaching methodology. The discussion in the Vimana Sthana centers on the different types of examination of the patient, mainly the ten-fold examination of the natural constitution (prakriti), vikriti (pathology) et al. Along with these examinations, there is a vivid description of the teaching methodology in the Ayurveda system of medicine with an emphasis on the friendly discussions. The fundamentals of research like the drug research and the five-fold research protocol are also conspicuous by their presence and find
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their widespread utility in the contemporary research arena. Thus, the Vimana Sthana provides ample knowledge to the seekers of Ayurveda knowledge and paves the way for research and standardization in this ancient holistic Indian System of medicine.
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Text sample:Chapter 3 - Vimana Sthana and the basic principles of Ayurveda:
Vimana Sthana is the treasure trove of the basic principles of Ayurveda. The strong foundation of the Ayurveda system of medicine is based upon the concept of the measurement described in the Vimana Sthana. The two aims of Ayurveda i.e. the maintenance of health and the treatment of the disease are achieved by following the Ayurveda lifestyle and the Ayurveda principles of treatment. The Vimana Sthana is the knowledge unit and thus it becomes mandatory to understand the various basic principles of Ayurveda promulgated in the Vimana Sthana having application in the achievement of the goal of healthy long life.
The definition of siddhanta (principle in modern parlance) has been postulated in the Vimana Sthana of the Charaka Samhita. The principle known as Siddhaanta in Ayurveda signifies all that which is valid and true. The theory that is demonstrated to be true & valid after repeated examination by a number of examiners is termed as Siddhanta/Principle. The Nyaya philosophy also defines Siddhanta as the subject accepted after being validated through various evidences. Thus the Vimana Sthana of the Charaka Samhita is full of the Basic Principles of Ayurveda sans which the two aims of the eternal science of Ayurveda cannot be achieved.
The Ayurveda treatises and Philosophy both accept the four types of Siddhanta.
They are:
(a) The Sarvatantra Siddhanta (Widely approved principle) The Siddhanta approved by all the treatises is the Sarvatantra Siddhanta like the presence of Nidana and Vyadhi. Thus, the concepts of Panchamahabhoota Siddhanta, Roga-Rogi Pariksha Siddhanta, Ayu Siddhanta, Dosha- Dhatu- Mala Siddhanta, Agni Siddhanta et al is the Sarvatantra Siddhanta.
(b) The Pratitantra Siddhanta (Approved by a particular clan). The Siddhanta approved by a particular treatise/s but not widely agreed upon is the Pratitantra Siddhanta like the approval of eight rasa by the others while
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six rasa here. There is a difference of opinion between different authors. The suggestions of the enumeration of Agni differ from one Acharya/Treatise to the other as is the case with the theories regarding the first organ to develop in the foetus. These Siddhanta which differ from treatise to treatise are the Pratitantra Siddhanta.
(c) The Adhikarana Siddhanta (Principle of reference). The topic/subject discussed under one Siddhanta implies the other unstated topic/subject is categorized under the umbrella of Adhikarana Siddhanta like the statement suggesting the inaction of the liberated soul suggests that there is existence of the actions, their results and rebirths.
Like the sootra pertaining to the conditions of curability (sadhyata) of a disease as the dushya and prakriti should not be the causative dosha. This sootra albeit clearly mentions the conditions of curability of the disease, also implies that there is existence of disease which has certain conditions of curabilityincurability based on the entities of body viz dosha, dushya, prakriti et al. These Siddhanta having implied/inferred valid topics/subjects is termed as the Adhikarana Siddhanta.
(d) The Abhyupagama Siddhanta (Accepted theory to be validated). The Abhyupagama Siddhanta is the theory which is not validated, explicated and tested but accepted during a course of discussion like the narration of supremacy of dravya, supremacy of Guna etc. Therefore, it contradicts the definition of Siddhanta and shouldn't be classified as Siddhanta. But, instead it is rightly placed as Siddhanta because it paves the way for the formation of Siddhanta. The 'untested theory/hypothesis' put forth is tested and examined and if found true, becomes a Siddhanta. All the various opinions/questions of Aacharyas regarding a particular matter of debate are termed as the Abhyupagama Siddhanta.
(c) The Adhikarana Siddhanta (Principle of reference). The topic/subject discussed under one Siddhanta implies the other unstated topic/subject is categorized under the umbrella of Adhikarana Siddhanta like the statement suggesting the inaction of the liberated soul suggests that there is existence of the actions, their results and rebirths.
Like the sootra pertaining to the conditions of curability (sadhyata) of a disease as the dushya and prakriti should not be the causative dosha. This sootra albeit clearly mentions the conditions of curability of the disease, also implies that there is existence of disease which has certain conditions of curabilityincurability based on the entities of body viz dosha, dushya, prakriti et al. These Siddhanta having implied/inferred valid topics/subjects is termed as the Adhikarana Siddhanta.
(d) The Abhyupagama Siddhanta (Accepted theory to be validated). The Abhyupagama Siddhanta is the theory which is not validated, explicated and tested but accepted during a course of discussion like the narration of supremacy of dravya, supremacy of Guna etc. Therefore, it contradicts the definition of Siddhanta and shouldn't be classified as Siddhanta. But, instead it is rightly placed as Siddhanta because it paves the way for the formation of Siddhanta. The 'untested theory/hypothesis' put forth is tested and examined and if found true, becomes a Siddhanta. All the various opinions/questions of Aacharyas regarding a particular matter of debate are termed as the Abhyupagama Siddhanta.
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Autoren-Porträt von Vaibhav Dadu
Dr. Vaibhav Dadu is an academic dedicated to the process of imparting the Ayurveda education to the knowledge seekers of this ancient but still in demand medical system. The author is a gold medalist post graduate in the field of fundamentals of Ayurveda and serving the academics since eight years. The author is currently working at the Government Model Ayurveda College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India and is contributing to the development and upgrading of the teaching standards of the Ayurveda system of medicine. The students enjoy his style of teaching as he firmly believes in the principle 'Let learning be fun and teaching be a joy'.The author has already penned four books on various subjects of Ayurveda fundamentals which have been published by the international and national publishing houses of repute. Dr. Vaibhav has also published a substantial number of articles in international journals that received good citations.
Bibliographische Angaben
- Autor: Vaibhav Dadu
- 2016, 76 Seiten, Maße: 15,5 x 22 cm, Kartoniert (TB), Englisch
- Verlag: Anchor Academic Publishing
- ISBN-10: 3960670869
- ISBN-13: 9783960670865
- Erscheinungsdatum: 31.10.2016
Sprache:
Englisch
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